KMT era cultural policy īetween the 1960s and the 1980s Taiwan's culture was described by its media as the contrast between Taiwan (Free China) and China (Communist China), often drawing from the official tropes of Taiwan as a bastion of traditional Chinese culture, which had preserved “true” Chinese values against the “false” Chinese values of post Communist China. Japan's colonial legacy is still visible, due to Japan's massive effort in constructing Taiwan's economic infrastructure and industrial base, which is often cited as a major factor in Taiwan's rapid economic development. Japan's colonial legacy has shaped many of the customs and mannerisms of Taiwanese. When Japan's suppressive wartime policies were lifted following World War II, Taiwanese were eager to continue with their prewar cosmopolitan activities. Japan's effort taught Taiwan's elite, Japanese culture and language, but did not largely interfere in religious organization. Beginning during Japan's build up for war, Japan invigorated its policies to Japanize Taiwan for mobilization against the Allies. By the middle of the Japanese era (1895–1945), Taiwan had begun to shift from local to contemporary global culture, under the guidance of Japanese style “westernization”. Due to Taiwan's strategic location along East Asian trade routes, Taiwanese were also exposed to cosmopolitan influences and the effects of European commerce. Before the Qing Empire ceded Taiwan to Japan in 1895, Taiwan's culture was characterized by Qing frontier societies of Han farmers and highland Aborigines.

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